I have just had a knee reconstruction and have spent the last 6 days wallowing in self-pity in a hospital bed in Tokyo, completing the last (I hope) uglinesses of three months of body horror (report to come). With little else to do I have resorted to Netflix, and of course I have watched Tiger King. So far I have just finished episode 5 (I was distracted by The Innocence Files, which I strongly recommend), but by the end of Episode 5 I was convinced that the main character of Tiger King, Joe Exotic, is very similar to Trump, and his public and political reception in America is an example of why Trump was not an isolated phenomenon. Americans, I think, have a problem with people with narcissistic personality disorders – too many Americans admire them – and are way too easily fooled by conmen. Here, I will explain why I think Joe Exotic is similar to Trump and what his public reception says about Trump’s rise.
First some basic background. Tiger King is a documentary about these super weird Americans who keep big cats as pets and money-machines, in these weird and horribly shitty rural zoos that should be closed down with extreme prejudice. The story is that it was meant to be a doco about one particularly weird and flamboyant member of this strange society, Joe Exotic, but during the making of the doco Joe tried to get a rival killed and so the whole thing spiraled out of control. I haven’t got to that bit yet, but everything leading up to is pretty disturbing. The main character is Joe Exotic, a gay gun-toting zoo owner from Oklahoma who has two husbands (not legally I guess?), both of whom are straight, and has a menagerie of something like 220 lions and tigers that he shows off to the public in flamboyant performances. He makes a lot of his money from cub petting, in which he takes newborn cubs (before the mother can lick them!) and allows customers to snuggle and play with them, until they reach about 12 weeks old, after which he dumps them in the zoo with the rest of the adults, where they become mostly just a financial burden (so he killed them or trafficked them). His opponent is a woman called Carole Baskin who runs a (rather dubious looking!) animal sanctuary for abused big cats, and has spent years trying to shut down Joe’s operation, including using a sneaky (according to the doco!) copyright trick to force him massively into debt. Rumour has it that Baskin killed her first husband and fed him to a tiger, information the doco does very little to dispute even though it seems pretty obvious that her husband was up to something shonky in Costa Rica and probably got himself killed down there. There are a few other tiger owners – one called Antle who has a sex cult and another who is a dodgy former criminal – and there is a ragtag crew of people who work for Joe Exotic and go to enormous lengths for him (one of these, who apparently was misgendered in the doco, lost an arm to a tiger and kept working for Joe). In his little menagerie-kingdom Joe keeps a lot of guns and explosives (he is clearly not one of those super-rare “responsible gun owners” that his libertarian political campaign manager would have us believe is the norm), meth and pot, and a lot of boys toys. In general Joe treats the tigers badly, and his relationship with his cats is emotionally very hot and cold and is basically transactional. They make him money, and he plays with them, but he doesn’t trust them and he doesn’t particularly seem to respect them.
It should be added that this documentary is really not very objective and although it’s great viewing, as a documentary it’s shit. It obviously has taken Joe Exotic’s side (at least in the first 5 episodes) and doesn’t show much objectivity about its subject at all.
So how is Joe like Trump? Let us count the ways:
- He has the same personality disorders: He obviously has narcissistic, antisocial and borderline personality disorders, just like Trump, or as some might put it he has the Dark Triad. His relationships are entirely transactional (he basically buys his straight boyfriend with meth) and everything is all about him. This is most clearly seen at the funeral for his second husband, which he makes all about himself, and the subsequent marriage to his new boyfriend within two months, which he uses to humiliate and break his dead husband’s mother. It’s visible in the way he treats his animals, his insatiable need for fame, the way he treats his staff, and the way every emotion he ever shows is clearly and obviously a performance. He can never be wrong, nothing is ever his fault, and the whole world is out to get him.
- He is deeply misogynist: The videos he makes of Carole Baskin are really shocking, and he cannot control himself when he is talking about her. Even when he is running a political campaign he is making campaign videos calling her a bitch and a whore, and on his youtube channel he put videos of her as a sex doll being face-fucked with dildos, and being fed to his cats. He has the same reaction to a woman challenging him as Trump does to female journalists.
- He is messy and disorganized and terrible with money: Just like Trump, he is incapable of running or organizing anything, and only gets anything done because a group of strangely loyal misfits jump at his every order and do everything he wants, even when everything he wants is constantly contradictory and changing. He also obviously can barely keep the farm afloat, where a better manager would turn it into a cash-making machine. Whatever money he does get he squanders on bullshit, like meth and trucks for his straight husbands or guns and ammo. This is no clearer than in the stupid brace he wears on his knee for much of the series – he obviously has not got health insurance and hasn’t paid for it for his staff (likely the real reason Saffer chose to have his damaged arm amputated – with no health insurance he could not pay for the reconstruction surgery). He would rather flamboyantly suffer than buy one less truck a year for one of his husbands and pay for health insurance for himself, let alone his crew.
- He has dodgy mob connections: He obviously has access to a regular supply of meth, and is able to traffick lions and tigers however he wants, and in the first (?) episode we see him cozying up to a drug dealer who is so shady it’s hard to believe. Not only does he have these dodgy criminal connections, but he also obviously admires them – and they obviously see him as an easy mark.
- He is an easy mark: Like most of the senior figures in the GOP, while he is running a long con on his friends, associates and supporters, Joe Exotic is also easily being conned by others. He got done like a dinner by the Kirkham guy, and when Jeff Lowe gets to him he is so easily tricked into giving up control of everything. Trump is the same – this is why he is owned by Russia. The biggest con-artists are also the biggest marks.
- He has no interest in truth: He is a classic bullshitter, just like Trump. Whatever he says is true, and if he contradicts himself two days in a row it doesn’t matter because he does not recognize the difference between truth and lies. Words don’t work for him as they do for us.
So of course, just like Trump he runs for political office. First of all he tries the presidential campaign but then failing that he runs for Governor of Oklahoma, with a libertarian (idiot) for a campaign manager and a platform of low regulation. His platform and campaign imagery are so Trumpian – there’s even a scene where he tells some shlubb that if he is elected there will be “someone as broke as you” in charge, trying to market himself as a man of the people. Unlike Trump he doesn’t win, but he does get 18% of the vote. And when people are interviewed about why they will vote for him they give exactly the same reasons as people give for Trump: he’s just like us, he tells it as it is, he’s not politically correct and that’s good, etc. The interviews with his supporters could have just as easily have been at a Trump rally.
Furthermore, his chief enemy (in business, not politics) is so obviously identifiable as a Hillary Clinton-like figure: an older white woman with a real set of goals, who is methodical and prepared and speaks clearly and with intent, who every single media outlet seems to have described with the same adjectives as Clinton – desperate to be liked, unlikable, untrustworthy, etc.
This is the enduring puzzle of American politics. How could an obvious fraud, grifter, gangster, womanizing rapist psychopath like Trump be popular in America? We see the same thing with Joe Exotic: in a Morning Consult poll of 400 viewers of the show he had the second-highest favorability ratings and Carole Baskin had the lowest, and her husband the second lowest – below a libertard gun nut, a tiger-killing narcissist, his meth-head husband, another tiger trader with five “wives” in a sex cult, a rich fraud from Vegas who uses tigers to fuck models (or at least put their pictures on instagram), and another tiger trader who wishes he could learn how to “control women” the way the sex cult dude does. How do Americans judge older white women on a mission to be at the bottom of this pile?
I previously described the Trump campaign as similar to WWF, a giant fraud that all its fans know is a fraud but love anyway. Tiger King is another insight into this strange cultural phenomenon that seems to be unique to America, where people fall easily for frauds and gangsters and love them even after their obvious shonkiness is revealed. There is nothing authentic or real about Joe Exotic – he is a narcissistic, manipulative and vicious bastard who uses people for his own ends, and has never shown a true part of himself in his life – but despite the rest of the world watching this doco and recognizing this immediately, somehow to Americans he is authentic and serious in a way that a softly-spoken older white woman can never be.
America has a problem with grifters, psychopaths and narcissistic frauds. Too many Americans cannot understand when they’re being taken for a ride, and too many Americans enjoy being fleeced. This is the essence of Republican politics – it’s a giant con job played on people who are eager to be fleeced by men the rest of the world would not consider fit to lick our boots. It’s terrifying, and if Americans can’t break out of this strange fugue state and start understanding the way they’re being conned, their country is done for.
April 22, 2020 at 2:25 am
Get well soon! I seem to recall that the modern picture of the confidence man took shape in the 19th century USA: a lot of newspapers told stories about someone arrested in New York City in 1849 who walked up to strangers, asked them if they trusted him to borrow their watch for a day, borrowed it, and sold it.
April 22, 2020 at 10:19 am
On Carole Baskin’s (un-)popularity [1], I’m included to blame a modern urge to simplify everyone to one aspect of themseves then judge them as if that’s all they are.
Carole could either be:
a) a hypocrite who opposes Joe Exotic so she can get the money herself (Joe says this in episode one)
b) a dedicated big cat lover who’s just out to save the cats due to the goodness in her heart
But my (highly informed opinion) was it looked like she was’t breeding them or promoting cub experiences, but also wasn’t averse to making a buck off her efforts. That doesn’t make her a hypocrite unless you can’t hold the idea she can be a good person [2] and also run a shonky zoo.
Simultaneously, Joe could have an appealling personal story but still be a monster of a person. In episode one he’s generally sympathic (unless you stop to think about the cub experiences or his short cuts on meat) while also being clearly batshit crazy.
For Donald Trump, he can have an “appealling” background [3] and “speak truth to power” [4], while simultaneously being a terrible political leader who talks out both sides of his mouth and doesn’t live or apply the “truth to power” principles that you may like.
[1] I’ve only watched one episode, but this struck me during my watching.
[2] Episode 1 doesn’t cover tiger feeding except as a financial issue.
[3] If you want a sugar daddy for example.
[4] I’d struggle to think of an example of that, unless you think kissing China’s ass one day then being wildly racist the next is “truth”.
April 22, 2020 at 1:27 pm
The trouble with ‘the US is done’ for (and I agree that it’s in major trouble) is that it’s the largest chunk of wealth and power on the planet. It’s the currently indispensable backstop – see Adam Tooze’s pieces on the eye-watering amounts the US Federal Reserve has committed to keep international finance (and hence trade and production) flowing over the last few months.
April 23, 2020 at 2:46 pm
Paul, yes, in Ep 1 he’s generally sympathetic, but by Ep 5 he’s obviously batshit insane and very dangerous, and to think that he’s better than her requires mental gymnastics.
Peter T, yes, this is the big problem with all of this. This super power is out of control from the top down, and there’s no way I can see that it can get back under control.
April 24, 2020 at 8:09 pm
“and to think that he’s better than her requires mental gymnastics.”
Again, I haven’t seen the later episodes (yet), but pre-judgement leading to pure tribalism is an option. It’s certainly why Trump can get away with being bat shit insane.
People don’t like cognitive dissonance, so they discard the inconvenient concept, regardless of whether it’s part of “this guy seemed nice, but he’s clearly batshit insane” or “this guy is the president my party put forward, but he’s clearly batshit insane.”
April 29, 2020 at 3:19 pm
The question that forms in my mind is this:
How strong is the evidence that people around the world in general are less gullible than people in the USA?
(I don’t imagine gullibility is a uniform trait, I expect individuals vary significantly in their gullibility, but that’s not sufficient to establish variability of a national trait.)
April 29, 2020 at 5:58 pm
I’ve been thinking about a blog post on this. Do you know of any country in the world which generates conspiracy theories? I think they all come from America – as do all the “aliens settled the earth” type theories as well. There’s something going on there!
April 30, 2020 at 8:59 am
Wikipedia has (of course) a list of conspiracy theories. Some of them originate from the USA, some of them don’t.
April 30, 2020 at 10:38 am
J-D, just quickly going through the list we have a huge number of American-generated conspiracy theories: black helicopters, chemtrails, most of the KAL007 theories, the MH17 theory, deepwater horizon, new coke (!?), new world order, denver airport, Soros, the Freemasons (100 year old theory!), pretty much the entire UFO corpus, and even the Illuminati. Yes, specific conspiracy theories about specific individuals, some religious conspiracy theories, and some theories about specific events in specific countries are non-American, but all the broad ones that don’t attach to a specific event or person seem to be straight out of the USA, or to have their original genesis there. Why?
April 30, 2020 at 7:57 pm
faustus – know any Russians? They have conspiracy theories like street dogs have fleas. Also Iranians, Greeks – pretty much everyone east of the paranoia line (runs from the German-Polish border through to Brindisi). Part of the cultural territory.
April 30, 2020 at 11:09 pm
Yes also it could be a population thing, and of course Americans are way more influential on the internet than anyone else. I just don’t think I’ve ever seen any globe-spanning conspiracy theory that wasn’t from America. And of course all the big anti-scientific stuff is almost exclusively of American origin – though the chief propagandist for all these people is an Australian…
May 2, 2020 at 6:25 pm
It’s a safe bet that the majority of the material in the English-language Wikipedia was contributed by Americans; nevertheless:
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May 3, 2020 at 5:20 pm
J-D, the autism-vaccines theory is from before Wakefield, it started in America with a documentary in 1982 (I think). It’s connected to a bunch of conspiracy theorists and some anti-vivisection campaigners. I think the autism link specifically became stronger after Wakefield published his dodgy research (or, should I say, the Lancet stupidly published his research, for which they should have lost all credibility), and it kind of took over the narrative after that, but it’s part of a bigger stream of conspiracy theories that are very American. Note also that lots of countries have anti-vax movements that originally weren’t conspiracy theorists. For example there was a safety cock-up in the UK in the early 1990s with MMR vaccine that led to a lot of opposition to vaccines, and Japan has a movement against HPV vaccine to do with adverse events, but they aren’t specifically conspiracy theories about big pharma – those emerged in the USA in the 1960s with the polio vaccine. But I also found this anti-smallpox vaccine from early 19th century UK which suggests that resistance is as old as vaccines. But is it a conspiracy theory? That’s a step up from merely not trusting a medicine.
Also I’m not sure that the “war against islam” idea counts as a conspiracy theory given a) their historical experience of the crusades and b) the recent murder of a million Iraqis by the US armed forces. Remember, you’re not paranoid if everyone really is out to get you!
(I specifically excluded conspiracy theories about deaths of famous people from my original point because they obviously will be nation-specific – Americans aren’t gonna have a conspiracy theory about the murder of Indira Gandhi).
May 4, 2020 at 8:58 am
I was just doing the easy thing of checking Wikipedia. I don’t know how much further down this rabbit hole I care to go. I’m confident, though, that it’s correct to say that anti-Semitic blood libel theories didn’t originate in America, and as conspiracy theories go they’d have to be among the big ones.
May 4, 2020 at 11:35 am
I had a quick look at the blood libel and it seems to be at least 1000 years old with regular resurgence in multiple countries across all of history. A brief check shows the protocols of the elders of Zion were originally Russian, but (shock) were heavily promoted in the USA by Henry Ford (which may be their first major appearance in English). I think that there is a heavy preponderance of American involvement in all this stuff!
(but yeah, it’s a side discussion and not really easy to assess, and reading this stuff is unpleasant and pointless!)
May 4, 2020 at 4:48 pm
I think the important question is, ‘What makes people gullible?’ Gullibility is what makes people vulnerable to scammers of all kinds, whether they’re simply trying to take somebody for a quick buck or have much more wide-ranging schemes of manipulation. If it was possible to identify what makes some people more gullible and what makes them less so, it might turn out that some factors are particularly salient among Americans or then again it might not, but it’s worth finding out what those factors are in any case. On the other hand, there’s not much gained even by a conclusive demonstration that Americans are more gullible than the average, if it doesn’t go with an identification of the factors which make them so.
May 4, 2020 at 5:57 pm
My theory is that it’s the American education system, it teaches people to express their opinion rather than to analyze things critically, and the result is “yeah that’s just your opinion man” and alternative facts.
May 5, 2020 at 8:56 pm
People are first of all social animals. Broadly, they take their cues from those around them (through media and hearsay as well as personal contact). If the social world is experienced as arbitrary or chaotic, then the necessity to impose meaning will lead to a search for ‘hidden’ or ‘occult’ forces. Education cannot counter this- just reflect it.
For truly bizarre conspiracy theories, one should sample Russian ones. My favourite so far is the conspiracy among historians to adhere to a chronology that falsely puts everything 400 years too early (so we are actually living in the 17th century).
May 6, 2020 at 8:09 pm
or for another example (sent by a Russian friend):
I believe it includes a plan to microchip us all, like poodles.
May 6, 2020 at 9:24 pm
Ok, now that I’ve read “the conspiracy among historians to adhere to a chronology that falsely puts everything 400 years too early (so we are actually living in the 17th century).” I just wish that this blog had a like button, because I’d be hitting it for hours.
Secondly, that “news report” is the most mendacious thing I’ve every heard [1] and I’m ONLY 51 SECOND into a 34 minute clip! It starts with (my summary) “Like this, share this, but, for legal reasons, don’t trust it on a medical level or I could have to take responsibility for my actions…”.
[1] Ok, outside a Trump rally. But you were all mentally inserting that anyway, right?
May 7, 2020 at 7:43 am
You can’t believe everything people tell you; but you also can’t believe nothing people tell you. Striking the balance is a challenge for everybody, and people strike it differently, so some people are more gullible than others. The fact that you have to take cues from those around you to some extent provides a general explanation for gullibility, but it doesn’t explain the specific phenomenon of some people being less gullible and some being more so.
It could be that the American education system makes people gullible, but it can’t be the only thing that makes people gullible, so it seems reasonable to seek for explanations which are more general than that (although still more specific than human sociality).