They go together really, don’t they? All this Hearts of Iron 2 slaughter has led me to that most honourable of late night activities, the Wikipedia Wander, and in this case I find myself trawling through the combat histories of the battleships I’m building. The Japanese involvement in world war 2 is famous primarily for its naval component, and there is something about naval conflict that is inestimably cruel and heartless. There is no tale of naval combat where someone rushes out of the trees and drags you back to your fellows; instead there is the tale of floating in the sea for hours waiting for a rescue that may never come; there is exposure or the horrible death by oil-fire or drowning. The iconic pictures of the naval engagements of world war 2 (in this post we see the famous Yamato, desperately manoeuvring to avoid her inevitable end) depict a loneliness and desperation in every way as cruel and inescapable as the scenes from the battle of Britain, in which the person in control of the camera relentlessly destroys their target plane, watching it shred into a thousand pieces far above the ground, its pilot doomed. But in the naval case it is not a single man who dies, but a whole village worth of people, sometimes trapped far out on the open ocean with nowhere to go but down. Or they are the Special Attack Squadron (kamikaze) of historical fame, whose fate is so coolly described in the histories of the war but so hotly contested, to such pointless end, at the time.
Of course, as nerds interested in wargames and role-playing games in the early 21st century, far removed from the military troubles of previous generations (at least, if we’re not Americans) we can afford to joke about and amuse ourselves with games set in this time and place, as I’m doing now with Hearts of Iron 2. We can “appreciate” the “realism” of the fantasy stories we read (such as those of Bernard Cornwell) which draw on these or other histories. But I think it’s good occasionally to reflect on how ultimately these tales that we enjoy playing in are built on something that is fundamentally completely and utterly wrong, usually of no value to those who instigate it, and completely destructive for the international order it intrudes upon. This is as true now for the “small” wars of Iraq (a million dead), Afghanistan (no one’s counting) or Libya, as it was of the unfathomable catastrophe that was world war 2. Rest assured I have every intention of nuking America (preferably Seattle, after they develop “advanced computers,” so I can pride myself on killing Bill Gates), but let’s not make any bones about it – these games we play are reflecting on a time whose repetition needs to be avoided at all costs.
April 19, 2011 at 1:54 pm
Great post, Faustus
April 20, 2011 at 11:55 pm
I think you either end up praying for rescue or praying that the water is freakin cold. I remember reading about some of the catapult launched escort pilots over the atlantic with no way to land.. most of them succumbed to the cold within 2-3 minutes until some protective suiting was developed.
April 21, 2011 at 12:46 am
I read about those guys too. That’s a level of desperation that we in the west will probably never again have to stoop too (similarly the “special attack” units in Japan). But I don’t think the people struggling desperately in the picture on this post ever got any chance of rescue – in fact the Yamato went down with all hands in 1945, on a pointless mission to Okinawa.
I recently read Christopher Browning’s Ordinary Men, which I think is the definitive history of the Order Police and their evil work in Eastern Europe. He references a book called War Without Mercy that suggests the allies got up to exactly the same kind of mischief against Japan that we decry the Nazis for – summary execution of prisoners and murder, essentially – which suggests that our role in the Pacific War was not quite as saintly as might previously have been claimed. I have read George McDonald Fraser’s autobiography of the war (he wrote Flashman and he’s brilliant, so I wanted to read his opinion of the war) but since hearing hints of this tale of allied behaviour in the Pacific war, I’m wondering if his claims that “Japanese never surrendered” are quite what they seem…
I don’t think it’s likely we’ll ever return to those times, and I like to hope that the world has basically given up on “total war.” If so, we’ve entered a new and better phase of history.
February 13, 2013 at 7:15 pm
It’s been a while since you wrote these posts, but I came across your Japan “AAR” just recently and have to say I’ve found them highly entertaining. Thanks for a good read.
I was reminded by your comment of a quote from Justice B. V. A. Röling, the Dutch judge on the International Military Tribunal for the Far East: “[o]f course, in Japan we were all aware of the bombings and the burnings of Tokyo and Yokohama and other big cities. It was horrible that we went there for the purpose of vindicating the laws of war, and yet saw every day how the Allies had violated them dreadfully”. Or, as Justice Radhabinod Pal (still considered something of a hero in Japan) wrote in his dissenting opinion, quoting Jefferson Davis: “When time shall have softened passion and prejudice, when Reason shall have stripped the mask from misrepresentation, then Justice, holding evenly her scales, will require much of past censure and praise to change places.”
February 21, 2013 at 11:40 am
Leland, thanks for your comment and I’m sorry I haven’t had time to get to it. I’m not sure what you mean by “Japan ‘AAR’,” could you clarify?
I think the issue of “victor’s justice” that you highlight is important but sadly it’s now so tainted by its association with holocaust denialism and the worst elements of right-wing cultural revisionism (here in Japan, I mean) that there is no way to discuss it without looking like an arse – at least on blogs. It’s a shame, because I think there was a lot wrong with the allies’ treatment of Japan and Germany during the war, and that deserves a serious and nuanced discussion – but to do so just leaves you open to rhetorical accusations of being a mate of David Irving’s. Sadly I think that debate is therefore dead.
(Also if you look at some of my posts on the book War without mercy you’ll see that the odd drive by comment attacks me for being a self-hating westerner for questioning whether firebombing Tokyo was a good idea. That leaves the debate in a very sad spot, I think).
February 21, 2013 at 11:58 pm
After Action Report. It’s a common term, at least in the Paradox community, for what you’re doing when writing about your Japan game in HoI2. Basically, it’s when a gamer writes an account of a recent game (or, more commonly, a game still underway), either a “gameplay” AAR describing what the player does in game terms, or a roleplaying/fictionalized AAR. They’re surprisingly popular on the Paradox forums and the best are actually fascinating reads.
I’m afraid you’re probably right in saying the debate about victor’s justice in WWII is essentially dead. For that matter, I suspect it’s no accident that the most critical voice on the IMTFE, the aforementioned Justice Pal, was not a Westerner. Then again, victor’s justice is hardly a recent, or exclusively Western practice. “Vae victis” seems to be a fundamental principle of all warfare.
February 27, 2013 at 11:00 pm
Thanks for the explanation, leland. I really should finish that campaign – I got bogged down in China and gave up for a while, then I got busy, then I changed computers. I should get back to it …